Note 1: Around 1896 the Frenchman Léon Gaumont (1863-1946) founded his company, Gaumont, which specialized in the production of photographic material, including film cameras and film projectors. Soon after, he also started producing films for the cinema, just as he created subsidiaries in many countries including in England, where the company came to be called British Gaumont. It was the latter company, which around 1946 created a cartoon division under the name Gaumont British Animation (GBA).

That same year, in 1896, the French engineer Charles Pathé (1863-1957) and his three brothers founded the company Pathé Frères in order to produce film cameras and film projectors. A year later supplemented with the company Pathé Cinéma, which produced films for the many cinemas that had arisen after the brothers Lumieres successful public film screening, which began in 1895. Pathé also set up subsidiaries or branches in many European and overseas capitals. But both Gaumonts as Pathés films covered in very much the weekly Film Revues or Newsreels, which soon became known and appreciated throughout most of Europe and the rest of the world.